aperture- its a hole in the lens in which the light travels through the lens and exposes the film.
shutter-is a device that allows light to pass for a determined period of time, for the purpose of exposing photographic film or a light-sensitive electronic sensor to light to capture a permanent image of a scene 
exposure- In photography, exposure is the total density of light allowed to fall on the photographic medium (photographic film or image sensor) during the process of taking a photograph
depth of field- its directly related to the size of the aperture and determines how much of the image is in focus
F-stop- The "f-3.5-f8" is called the F-stop or the maximum aperture of the lens. This figure is derived from dividing the focal length of the lens by the aperture opening of the lens
focal length-is a measure of how strongly the system converges (focuses) or diverges (defocuses) light